Science Supporting Cannabis for Inflammatory Disorders

There are a myriad of diseases and disorders that feature inflammation as a primary or severe symptom. From arthritis to Chron's Disease to acne, my goal with this article is to provide as much reference material possible for any arguments or essays that you may be concocting about cannabis - or simply for educational purposes. ACNE:

• Cannabis (Marijuana Being Looked at For Acne Clearing Properties (news – 2007))
• Endocannabinoids enhance lipid synthesis and apoptosis of human sebocytes via cannabinoid receptor-2-mediated signaling. (full – 2008)
• Cannabis - Why it could be an acne cure (news – 2008)
• The endocannabinoid system of the skin in health and disease: novel perspectives and therapeutic opportunities. (full – 2009)
• Hemp Seed Oil Benefits (news – 2009)
• Cannabidiol as a treatment for acne? (article, p. 31 – 2010)
• Endocannabinoid signaling and epidermal differentiation. (abst – 2011)

ANTI-INFLAMMATION:- Management of Acute and Chronic Pain Episodes (full - 2006)

• Involvement of the Cannabinoid CB2 Receptor and Its Endogenous Ligand 2-Arachidonoylglycerol in Oxazolone-Induced Contact Dermatitis in Mice (full – 2006)
• The endocannabinoid anandamide protects neurons during CNS inflammation by induction of MKP-1 in microglial cells. (abst – 2006)
• Cannabinoid-Induced Immune Suppression and Modulation of Antigen-Presenting Cells (abst – 2006)
• Anandamide, an endocannabinoid, protects neurons from inflammation after brain damage (news – 2006)
• Endocannabinoid metabolism and uptake: novel targets for neuropathic and inflammatory pain (full - 2007)
• Cannabinoid-2 receptor agonist HU-308 protects against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury by attenuating oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and apoptosis (full - 2007)
• Cannabidiol in vivo blunts β-amyloid induced neuroinflammation by suppressing IL-1β and iNOS expression (Alzheimer's (full - 2007))
• Opposing control of cannabinoid receptor stimulation on amyloid-beta-induced reactive gliosis: in vitro and in vivo evidence. (full - 2007)
• Cannabidiol displays unexpectedly high potency as an antagonist of CB1 and CB2 receptor agonists in vitro (full - 2007)
• Anti-inflammatory property of the cannabinoid agonist WIN-55212-2 in a rodent model of chronic brain inflammation (full - 2007)
• Anti-inflammatory property of the cannabinoid receptor-2-selective agonist JWH-133 in a rodent model of autoimmune uveoretinitis (full - 2007)
• The endocannabinoid system in targeting inflammatory neurodegenerative diseases(full - 2007)
• Cannabinoid CB2 receptors: a therapeutic target for the treatment of inflammatory and neuropathic pain (full - 2007)
• Endocannabinoids, cannabinoid receptors and inflammatory stress: an interview with Dr. Pál Pacher (interview - 2007)
• Cannabinoids and neuroprotection in motor-related disorders. (abst - 2007)
• Cannabinoids for the treatment of inflammation. (abst - 2007)
• A cannabinoid agonist differentially attenuates deep tissue hyperalgesia in animal models of cancer and inflammatory muscle pain. (abst – 2007 )
• Constituents Of Hashish And Marijuana May Help To Fight Inflammation And Allergies (news - 2007)
• Pot Chemical May Curb Inflammation (news – 2007)
• Endocannabinoids appear to play important role in regulating inflammation (news - 2007)
• Hippies vindicated: Human-produced cannabinoids have anti-inflammatory powers (news – 2007)
• Anti-inflammatory cannabinoids in diet (full - 2008)
• Cannabinoid receptors in acute and chronic complications of atherosclerosis (full - 2008)
• Cannabinoid receptor stimulation is anti-inflammatory and improves memory in old rats. (full - 2008)
• Inflammation and aging: can endocannabinoids help? (full - 2008)
• Cannabinoid CB2 receptors in human brain inflammation (full - 2008)
• Cannabinoid Modulation of Cutaneous A{delta} Nociceptors During Inflammation (full - 2008)
• Cannabinoid modulation of cutaneous Adelta nociceptors during inflammation. (full – 2008)
• Cannabidiol in medicine: a review of its therapeutic potential in CNS disorders. (abst - 2008)
• Ajulemic acid, a synthetic cannabinoid acid, induces an antiinflammatory profile of eicosanoids in human synovial cells. (abst – 2008)
• Scientists are High on Idea that Cannabis Reduces Memory Impairment (news - 2008)
• Why Cannabis Stems Inflammation (news - 2008)
• Emerging Role of the CB2 Cannabinoid Receptor in Immune Regulation and Therapeutic Prospects (full - 2009)
• Cannabinoid CB2 Receptor Potentiates Obesity-Associated Inflammation, Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Steatosis (full - 2009)
• Cannabinoids Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol Differentially Inhibit the Lipopolysaccharide-activated NF-κB and Interferon-β/STAT Proinflammatory Pathways in BV-2 Microglial Cells (full – 2009)
• Ajulemic acid, a synthetic cannabinoid, increases formation of the endogenous proresolving and anti-inflammatory eicosanoid, lipoxin A4 (full - 2009)
• Cannabinoids as Therapeutic Agents for Ablating Neuroinflammatory Disease (full - 2009)

• Cannabidiol Attenuates Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity by Decreasing Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress, Inflammation, and Cell Death (full – 2009)

    - Cannabinoids as novel anti-inflammatory drugs. (full - 2009)

• The nonpsychotropic cannabinoid cannabidiol modulates and directly activates alpha-1 and alpha-1-Beta glycine receptor function (full – 2009)
• Cannabinoids, Endocannabinoids, and Related Analogs in Inflammation (full - 2009)
• Endocannabinoid signalling as an anti-inflammatory therapeutic target in atherosclerosis: does it work? (full – 2009)
• Cannabidiol decreases bone resorption by inhibiting RANK/RANKL expression and proinflammatory cytokines during experimental periodontitis in rats. (abst - 2009)
• Cannabinoids attenuate the effects of aging upon neuroinflammation and neurogenesis. (abst – 2009)
• How Hemp Seed Oil Can Help Your Arthritis (news – 2009)
• Cannabinoid-induced apoptosis in immune cells as a pathway to immunosuppression. (full - 2010)
• Cannabinoids and Viral Infections (full - 2010)
• US Patent Application 20100222437 - COMPOSITION CONTAINING NONPSYCHOTROPIC CANNABINOIDS FOR THE TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY DISEASES (full – 2010)
• The endocannabinoid system as a target for the treatment of neurodegenerative disease (full - 2010)
• The effects of Delta-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol alone and in combination on damage, inflammation and in vitro motility disturbances in rat colitis. (full - 2010)
• Regulatory Role of Cannabinoid Receptor 1 in Stress-Induced Excitotoxicity and Neuroinflammation (full - 2010)
• Synthesis of Novel Cannabinoid Ligands and Their Use as Anti-Glioma and Anti-Inflammatory Agents (full – 2010)
• N-arachidonoyl glycine, an abundant endogenous lipid, potently drives directed cellular migration through GPR18, the putative abnormal cannabidiol receptor (full – 2010)
• Acute administration of cannabidiol in vivo suppresses ischaemia-induced cardiac arrhythmias and reduces infarct size when given at reperfusion. (abst - 2010)
• WIN55212-2 ameliorates atherosclerosis associated with suppression of proinflammatory responses in ApoE-knockout mice. (abst – 2010)
• Beneficial effects of cannabinoids (CB in a murine model of allergen-induced airway inflammation: Role of CB(1)/CB(2) receptors. (abst - 2010))
• Levels of endocannabinoids and palmitoylethanolamide and their pharmacological manipulation in chronic granulomatous inflammation in rats. (abst – 2010)
• Hemp Oil Benefits for Skin (news – 2010)
• Cannabidiol reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced vascular changes and inflammation in the mouse brain: an intravital microscopy study (full – 2011)
• Cannabidiol Reduces Aβ-Induced Neuroinflammation and Promotes Hippocampal Neurogenesis through PPARγ Involvement (full – 2011)
• Evaluation of the Cyclooxygenase Inhibiting Effects of Six Major Cannabinoids Isolated from Cannabis sativa (full – 2011)
• Gut feelings about the endocannabinoid system (full – 2011)
• Cannabidiol reduces intestinal inflammation through the control of neuroimmune axis. (full – 2011)
• Local activation of cannabinoid CB1 receptors in the urinary bladder reduces the inflammation-induced sensitization of bladder afferents. (full – 2011)
• Cannabinoid CB2 Receptors Contribute to Upregulation of β-endorphin in Inflamed Skin Tissues by Electroacupuncture (full – 2011)
• The Antinociceptive Effects of JWH-015 in Chronic Inflammatory Pain Are Produced by Nitric Oxide-cGMP-PKG-KATP Pathway Activation Mediated by Opioids. (full – 2011)
• Increasing endogenous 2-arachidonoylglycerol levels counteracts colitis and related systemic inflammation. (full – 2011)
• Cannabinoid Receptor Type 1 Protects Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Neurons against MPTP Neurotoxicity by Inhibiting Microglial Activation. (full – 2011)
• Cannabinoids and Innate Immunity: Taking a Toll on Neuroinflammation (link to PDF– 2011)
• Cannabidiol as an emergent therapeutic strategy for lessening the impact of inflammation on oxidative stress. (abst – 2011)
• GPR55 regulates cannabinoid 2 receptor-mediated responses in human neutrophils. (abst – 2011)
• Immunomodulatory properties of kappa opioids and synthetic cannabinoids in HIV-1 neuropathogenesis. (abst – 2011)
• Cannabidiol protects against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury by attenuating oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and cell death (abst – 2011)
• Differential transcriptional profiles mediated by exposure to the cannabinoids cannabidiol and Δ(9 -tetrahydrocannabinol in BV-2 microglial cells (abst – 2011))
• Cannabidiol protects against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury by attenuating inflammatory signaling and response, oxidative/nitrative stress, and cell death. (abst – 2011)
• Deletion of cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2 exacerbates APC function to increase inflammation and cellular immunity during influenza infection. (abst – 2011)
• A synthetic cannabinoid, CP55940, inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine mRNA expression in a cannabinoid receptor-independent mechanism in rat cerebellar granule cells. (abst – 2011)
• Effects of cannabinoids and cannabinoid-enriched Cannabis extracts on TRP channels and endocannabinoid metabolic enzymes. (abst – 2011)
• Allergen Challenge Increases Anandamide in Bronchoalveolar Fluid of Patients With Allergic Asthma (abst – 2011)
• New metabolic pathway for controlling brain inflammation (news – 2011)
• Prolonged oral Cannabinoid Administration prevents Neuroinflammation, lowers betaamyloid Levels and improves Cognitive Performance in Tg APP 2576 Mice. (full – 2012)
• A Dysregulated Endocannabinoid-Eicosanoid Network Supports Pathogenesis in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease (full – 2012)
• The fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor URB597 exerts anti-inflammatory effects in hippocampus of aged rats and restores an age-related deficit in long-term potentiation (full – 2012)
• Mechanistic and Pharmacological Characterization of PF-04457845: A Highly Potent and Selective Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Inhibitor That Reduces Inflammatory and Noninflammatory Pain (full – 2012)
• The synthetic cannabinoid R(+WIN55,212-2 augments interferon-β expression via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (full – 2012))
• Can the benefits of cannabinoid receptor stimulation on neuroinflammation, neurogenesis and memory during normal aging be useful in AD prevention? (full – 2012/a>)
• Update on the role of cannabinoid receptors after ischemic stroke. (full – 2012)
• Cannabidiol protects oligodendrocyte progenitor cells from inflammation-induced apoptosis by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress. (full – 2012)
• Palmitoylethanolamide exerts neuroprotective effects in mixed neuroglial cultures and organotypic hippocampal slices via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α. (full – 2012)
• The fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor URB597 exerts anti-inflammatory effects in hippocampus of aged rats and restores an age-related deficit in long-term potentiation (full – 2012)
• Cannabinoid modulation of neuroinflammatory disorders. (full – 2012)
• Targeting Fatty Acid Binding Protein (FABP Anandamide Transporters – A Novel Strategy for Development of Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Nociceptive Drugs (full – 2012))
• Fish oil and inflammatory status alter the n-3 to n-6 balance of the endocannabinoid and oxylipin metabolomes in mouse plasma and tissues (full – 2012)
• Dietary linoleic acid elevates endogenous 2-arachidonoylglycerol and anandamide in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L. and mice, and induces weight gain and inflammation in mice. (abst - 2012))
• Review article: Mast cell–glia axis in neuroinflammation and therapeutic potential of the anandamide congener palmitoylethanolamide (abst – 2012)
• Cannabidiol, a non-psychotropic plant-derived cannabinoid, decreases inflammation in a ` murine model of acute lung injury: Role for the adenosine A(2A receptor. (abst – 2012))
• Endocannabinoids limit excessive mast cell maturation and activation in human skin. (abst – 2012)
• The endocannabinoid system: a revolving plate in neuro-immune interaction in health and disease. (abst – 2012)
• Cannabinoid signalling regulates inflammation and energy balance: The importance of the brain-gut axis. (abst – 2012)
• The Role of Cannabinoids In Inflammatory Modulation of Allergic Respiratory Disorders, Inflammatory Pain and Ischemic Stroke. (abst – 2012)
• WIN55212-2 attenuates amyloid-beta-induced neuroinflammation in rats through activation of cannabinoid receptors and PPAR-γ pathway. (abst – 2012)
• Cannabidiol for neurodegenerative disorders: important new clinical applications for this phytocannabinoid? (abst – 2012)
• Cannabinoids suppress inflammatory and neuropathic pain by targeting α3 glycine receptors. (abst – 2012)
• Effects of palmitoylethanolamide on intestinal injury and inflammation caused by ischemia-reperfusion in mice (abst – 2012)
• Differential migratory properties of monocytes isolated from human subjects naïve and non-naïve to Cannabis. (abst – 2012)
• Cannabinoid receptor-2-selective agonists improve recovery in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (abst – 2012)
• Anti-Inflammatory Effect of the Endocannabinoid Anandamide in Experimental Periodontitis and Stress in the Rat. (abst – 2012)
• Activation of cannabinoid receptor 2 attenuates leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions and blood-brain barrier dysfunction under inflammatory conditions. (abst – 2012)
• Palmitoylethanolamide is a new possible pharmacological treatment for the inflammation associated with trauma. (abst – 2012)
• Endocannabinoids alleviate proinflammatory conditions by modulating innate immune response in muller glia during inflammation. (abst – 2012)
• Cannabinoids inhibit peptidoglycan-induced phosphorylation of NF-κB and cell growth in U87MG human malignant glioma cells. (abst – 2012)
• Differential Modulation by Delta(9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ (9)-THC) of CD40 Ligand (CD40L) Expression in Activated Mouse Splenic CD4(+) T cells. (abst – 2012))
• Cannabidiol treatment ameliorates ischemia/reperfusion renal injury in rats. (abst – 2012)
• A cannabinoid type 2 receptor agonist attenuates blood-brain barrier damage and neurodegeneration in a murine model of traumatic brain injury. (abst – 2012)
• Signaling through cannabinoid receptor 2 suppresses murine dendritic cell migration by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase 9 expression. (abst – 2012)
• A Cannabigerol Quinone Alleviates Neuroinflammation in a Chronic Model of Multiple Sclerosis. (abst – 2012)
• Activation of Cannabinoid Receptor 2 reduces inflammation in acute experimental pancreatitis via intra-acinar activation of p38 and MK2-dependent mechanisms. (abst – 2012)
• N-acyl amines of docosahexaenoic acid and other n-3 polyunsatured fatty acids – From fishy endocannabinoids to potential leads (abst – 2012)
• Anti-Inflammatory Effect of the Endocannabinoid Anandamide in Experimental Periodontitis and Stress in the Rat (abst – 2012)
• Palmitoylethanolamide is a new possible pharmacological treatment for the inflammation associated with trauma. (abst – 2012)
• CD200-CD200R1 interaction contributes to neuroprotective effects of anandamide on experimentally induced inflammation (abst – 2012)
• β−Amyloid exacerbates inflammation in astrocytes lacking fatty acid amide hydrolase through a mechanism involving PPAR-α, PPAR-γ and TRPV1, but not CB1 or CB2 receptors (abst – 2012)
• Update on the endocannabinoid-mediated regulation of gelatinase release in arterial wall physiology and atherosclerotic pathophysiology. (abst – 2012)
• Cannabidiol (CBD enhances lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pulmonary inflammation in C57BL/6 mice. (abst – 2012))
• Cannabidiol reduces host immune response and prevents cognitive impairments in Wistar rats submitted to pneumococcal meningitis (abst – 2012)
• Molecular evidence for the involvement of PPAR-δ and PPAR-γ in anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities of palmitoylethanolamide after spinal cord trauma (full – 2013)
• The endocannabinoid system in normal and pathological brain ageing (abst – 2013)
• The neuroprotective role of endocannabinoids against chemical-induced injury and other adverse effects. (abst – 2013)
• The cannabinoid TRPA1 agonist cannabichromene inhibits nitric oxide production in macrophages and ameliorates murine colitis. (abst – 2013)
• Inhibition of endocannabinoid degradation in experimental endotoxemia reduces leukocyte adhesion and improves capillary perfusion in the gut. (abst – 2013)
• New Insights in Mast Cell Modulation by Palmitoylethanolamide. (abst – 2013)
• Preventive and therapeutic oral administration of the pentacyclic triterpene α,β-amyrin ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice: The relevance of cannabinoid system. (abst – 2013)
• Cannabinoid Receptor 2: Potential Role in Immunomodulation and Neuroinflammation. (abst – 2013)
• Antinociceptive effects of the selective CB2 agonist MT178 in inflammatory and chronic rodent pain models. (abst – 2013)
• Cannabinoid receptor 2 suppresses leukocyte inflammatory migration by modulating the JNK/c-Jun/Alox5 pathway. (abst – 2013)
• Cannabinoid 1 Receptors in Keratinocytes Modulate Proinflammatory Chemokine Secretion and Attenuate Contact Allergic Inflammation. (abst – 2013)
• Endocannabinoids: A unique opportunity to develop multitarget analgesics. (abst – 2013)
• Effects on Immune Cells of a New 1,8-Naphthyridin-2-One Derivative and Its Analogues as Selective CB2 Agonists: Implications in Multiple Sclerosis. (abst – 2013)
• Glia and Mast Cells as Targets for Palmitoylethanolamide, an Anti-inflammatory and Neuroprotective Lipid Mediator. (abst – 2013)
• Cannabinoid receptor modulation of the endothelial cell inflammatory response (abst – 2013)
• Cannabinoid CB2 receptors as novel target for inhibiting house dust mite induced allergic airway inflammation (abst – 2013)
• Neuroglial Roots of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Therapeutic Potential of Palmitoylethanolamide in Models of Alzheimer’s Disease (abst – 2013)
• Palmitoylethanolamide Reduces Formalin-Induced Neuropathic-Like Behaviour Through Spinal Glial/Microglial Phenotypical Changes in Mice (abst – 2013)
• Palmitoylethanolamide is a New Possible Pharmacological Treatment for the Inflammation Associated with Trauma (abst – 2013)
• Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Treatment with Ultramicronized Palmitoylethanolamide: A Case Report (abst – 2013)
• Cannabidiol provides long-lasting protection against the deleterious effects of inflammation in a viral model of multiple sclerosis: A role for A2A receptors. (abst – 2013)
• CB1 Cannabinoid Receptor Agonist Prevents NGF-Induced Sensitization of TRPV1 in Sensory Neurons. (abst – 2013)
• 3-Carboxamido-5-aryl-isoxazoles as new CB2 agonists for the treatment of colitis. (abst – 2013)
• CB1 and CB2 contribute to antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of electroacupuncture on experimental arthritis of the rat temporomandibular joint. (abst – 2013)
• Cannabinoids Decrease the Th17 Inflammatory Autoimmune Phenotype. (abst – 2013)
• Controlling 2-arachidonoylglycerol metabolism as an anti-inflammatory strategy. (abst – 2013)
• Anti-inflammatory activity of topical THC in DNFB-mediated mouse allergic contact dermatitis independent of CB1 and CB2 receptors (abst – 2013)
• Marijuana's Memory Paradox (news – 2013)

ARTHRITIS:- US Patent 6132762 - Transcutaneous application of marijuana (full - 2000)

• Immunoactive cannabinoids: Therapeutic prospects for marijuana constituents (full - 2000 )
• The nonpsychoactive cannabis constituent cannabidiol is an oral anti-arthritic therapeutic in murine collagen-induced arthritis (full - 2000)
• Marijuana Extract Helps Arthritis Pain (news - 2000)
• Anandamide activates peripheral nociceptors in normal and arthritic rat knee joints (full - 2001)
• Cannabidiol-transdermal delivery and anti-inflammatory effect in a murine model. (abst - 2003)
• Cannabis May Suppress Immune System (news - 2003)
• A novel synthetic, nonpsychoactive cannabinoid acid (HU-320 with antiinflammatory properties in murine collagen-induced arthritis. (full - 2004))
• Ajulemic acid (IP-751: Synthesis, proof of principle, toxicity studies, and clinical trials (abst - 2005))
• Rheumatoid arthritis, Cannabis based medicine eases pain and suppresses disease (news - 2005)
• Cannabis-Based Drug Relieves Arthritis Pain (news - 2005)
• First study to use a cannabis-based medicine for treating rheumatoid arthritis (news - 2005)
• Pot-Based Drug Promising for Arthritis (news - 2005)
• Cannabis-based medicine relieves the pain of rheumatoid arthritis and suppresses the disease (news – 2005)
• Preliminary assessment of the efficacy, tolerability and safety of a cannabis-based medicine (Sativex in the treatment of pain caused by rheumatoid arthritis (full - 2006))
• The use of a cannabis-based medicine (Sativex in the treatment of pain caused by rheumatoid arthritis (letter - 2006))
• Arthritis and cannabinoids: HU-210 and Win-55,212-2 prevent IL-1alpha-induced matrix degradation in bovine articular chondrocytes in-vitro. (abst - 2006)
• The Cannabinergic System as a Target for Anti-inflammatory Therapies (abst - 2006)
• In vivo effects of CB2 receptor-selective cannabinoids on the vasculature of normal and arthritic rat knee joints (full - 2007)
• Arthritis and pain. Future targets to control osteoarthritis pain. (full - 2007)
• Suppression of fibroblast metalloproteinases by ajulemic acid, a nonpsychoactive cannabinoid acid. (abst - 2007)
• The antinociceptive effect of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol in the arthritic rat involves the CB(2 cannabinoid receptor. (abst - 2007))
• Synergy between Delta(9-tetrahydrocannabinol and morphine in the arthritic rat (abst - 2007))
• Characterisation of the cannabinoid receptor system in synovial tissue and fluid in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. (full - 2008)
• In vivo effects of CB2 receptor-selective cannabinoids on the vasculature of normal and arthritic rat knee joints (full - 2008)
• Cannabinoid-mediated antinociception is enhanced in rat osteoarthritic knees. (full – 2008)
• CB2 cannabinoid receptor agonist JWH-015 modulates human monocyte migration through defined intracellular signaling pathways. (full – 2008)
• Suppression of human macrophage interleukin-6 by a nonpsychoactive cannabinoid acid. (abst - 2008)
• Ajulemic acid, a synthetic cannabinoid acid, induces an antiinflammatory profile of eicosanoids in human synovial cells. (abst – 2008)
• Ajulemic acid, a nonpsychoactive cannabinoid acid, suppresses osteoclastogenesis in mononuclear precursor cells and induces apoptosis in mature osteoclast-like cells. (abst - 2008)
• Anti-inflammatory compound from cannabis found in herbs (news - 2008)
• Ajulemic acid, a synthetic cannabinoid, increases formation of the endogenous proresolving and anti-inflammatory eicosanoid, lipoxin A4 (full - 2009)
• Cannabinoids as novel anti-inflammatory drugs. (full - 2009)
• How Hemp Seed Oil Can Help Your Arthritis (news – 2009)
• Medical Marijuana and Reiter's Syndrome (news – 2009)
• Medical Marijuana and Arthritis (news – 2009)
• Medical Marijuana and Arthritis (Rheumatoid (news – 2009))
• Medical Marijuana and Post-traumatic arthritis (news – 2009)
• Medical Marijuana and Degenerative Arthritis (news – 2009)
• Medical Marijuana and Degenerative Arthropathy (news – 2009)
• Tissue Engineering of Cartilage; Can Cannabinoids Help? (full – 2010)
• Cannabinoid-induced apoptosis in immune cells as a pathway to immunosuppression. (full - 2010)
• Tonic modulation of spinal hyperexcitability by the endocannabinoid receptor system in a rat model of osteoarthritis pain. (full – 2010)
• Local application of the endocannabinoid hydrolysis inhibitor URB597 reduces nociception in spontaneous and chemically induced models of osteoarthritis. (abst – 2010)
• Paradoxical effects of the cannabinoid CB2 receptor agonist GW405833 on rat osteoarthritic knee joint pain. (abst – 2010)
• Is lipid signaling through cannabinoid 2 receptors part of a protective system? (full – 2011)
• Cannabinoids for Treatment of Chronic Non-Cancer Pain; a Systematic Review of Randomized Trials. (abst – 2011)
• Cannabidiol as an emergent therapeutic strategy for lessening the impact of inflammation on oxidative stress. (abst – 2011)
• The abnormal cannabidiol analogue O-1602 reduces nociception in a rat model of acute arthritis via the putative cannabinoid receptor GPR55. (abst – 2011)
• Fatty acid amide hydrolase blockade attenuates the development of collagen-induced arthritis and related thermal hyperalgesia in mice. (abst - 2011)
• Medical Marijuana For Rheumatoid Arthritis? (news – 2011)
• Echinacea & Arthritis (news – 2011)
• Medical Reasons for Marijuana (news – 2011)
• The effects of peptide and lipid endocannabinoids on arthritic pain at the spinal level. (full – 2012)
• Platelet-rich plasma loaded hydrogel scaffold enhances chondrogenic differentiation and maturation with up-regulation of CB1 and CB2. (abst – 2012)
• Lack of effect of chronic pre-treatment with the FAAH inhibitor URB597 on inflammatory pain behaviour: evidence for plastic changes in the endocannabinoid system. (abst – 2012)
• Cannabinoids: novel therapies for arthritis? (abst – 2012)
• Cortisol-mediated adhesion of synovial fibroblasts is dependent on the degradation of anandamide and activation of the endocannabinoid system (abst - 2012)
• Role of CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors in the development of joint pain induced by monosodium iodoacetate. (abst – 2012)
• CB1 and CB2 contribute to antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of electroacupuncture on experimental arthritis of the rat temporomandibular joint. (abst – 2013)
• Neuromodulators for pain management in rheumatoid arthritis (abst – 2012)
• Reefer tokin' seniors in South Florida see pain go up in smoke (news – 2012)
• Can medical marijuana help rheumatoid arthritis? (news – 2012)
• Electroacupuncture inhibition of hyperalgesia in rats with adjuvant arthritis: involvement of cannabinoid receptor 1 and dopamine receptor subtypes in striatum. (full – 2013)
• Selective Cannabinoid Receptor Type 2 (CB2 Agonists: Optimization of a Series of Purines Leading to the Identification of a Clinical Candidate for the Treatment of Osteoarthritic Pain. (abst – 2013))

ASTHMA:- Therapeutic aspects of cannabis and cannabinoids. (full - 2001)

• Endogenous cannabinoid receptor agonists inhibit neurogenic inflammations in guinea pig airways. (abst – 2005)
• New Synthetic Delta-9-THC Inhaler Offers Safe, Rapid Delivery (news - 2005)
• The Cannabinergic System as a Target for Anti-inflammatory Therapies (abst - 2006)
• Cannabinoid CB(2 receptor activation prevents bronchoconstriction and airway oedema in a model of gastro-oesophageal reflux. (abst - 2007))
• Activation of cannabinoid receptors prevents antigen-induced asthma-like reaction in guinea pigs. (abst – 2008)
• Cannabinoids as novel anti-inflammatory drugs. (full - 2009)
• Medical Marijuana and Asthma (news – 2009)
• Cannabinoid-induced apoptosis in immune cells as a pathway to immunosuppression. (full - 2010)
• Beneficial effects of cannabinoids (CB in a murine model of allergen-induced airway inflammation: Role of CB(1)/CB(2) receptors. (abst - 2010))
• The cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN 55,212-2 inhibits antigen-induced plasma extravasation in guinea pig airways. (abst – 2010)
• Is lipid signaling through cannabinoid 2 receptors part of a protective system? (full – 2011)
• Allergen Challenge Increases Anandamide in Bronchoalveolar Fluid of Patients With Allergic Asthma (abst – 2011)
• The role of CB2 receptor ligands in human eosinophil function (full – 2012)
• The Role of Cannabinoids In Inflammatory Modulation of Allergic Respiratory Disorders, Inflammatory Pain and Ischemic Stroke. (abst – 2012)
• Cannabinoid Receptor Activity In The Tumour Necrosis Factor (tnf−α-Induced Increased Contractility Of The Guinea-Pig Isolated Trachea (abst – 2012))
• The effects of cannabidiol on the antigen-induced contraction of airways smooth muscle in the guinea-pig. (abst – 2013)
• Cannabinoid CB2 receptors as novel target for inhibiting house dust mite induced allergic airway inflammation (abst – 2013)

INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE(IBD) / CHRON'S DISEASE:- MARIJUANA AND IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME (IBS (anecdotal- undated))

• Endometriosis by Kim (anecdotal – undated)
• Inflammation and cancer IV. Colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease: the role of inflammation. (full - 2004)
• Fibromyalgia, IBS, and the Endocannabinoid-CB-Receptor (ECBR system (abst - 2004))
• Cannabis-based drugs could offer new hope for inflammatory bowel disease patients (news - 2005)
• Potential new target for cannabis-derived drugs as a treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (news - 2005)
• Inflammatory Bowel Disease May Respond To Cannabis-Derived Drugs (news - 2005)
• Cannabinoids and gastrointestinal motility: animal and human studies. (link to PDF - 2008)
• The role of the endocannabinoid system in the pathophysiology and treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. (abst – 2008)
• The role of fatty acid hydrolase gene variants in inflammatory bowel disease. (full – 2009)
• Cannabis Hope for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (news - 2009)
• Cannabidiol reduces intestinal inflammation through the control of neuroimmune axis. (full – 2011)
• Is lipid signaling through cannabinoid 2 receptors part of a protective system? (full – 2011)
• Pharmacogenetic Trial of a Cannabinoid Agonist Shows Reduced Fasting Colonic Motility in Patients with Non-Constipated Irritable Bowel Syndrome. (abst – 2011)
• Cannabis use amongst patients with inflammatory bowel disease. (abst – 2011)
• Role of cannabinoid receptors and RAGE in inflammatory bowel disease. (abst – 2011)
• The endogenous cannabinoid system in the gut of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. (abst – 2011)
• Cannabis Use Common Among Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Study Says (news – 2011)
• Irritable bowel syndrome: a dysfunction of the endocannabinoid system? (full – 2012)
• The Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Cannabinoids: Focus on Motility. (full – 2012)
• Gut microbiota and the development of obesity. (full – 2012)
• The endocannabinoid system in inflammatory bowel diseases: from pathophysiology to therapeutic opportunity. (abst – 2012)
• Randomized pharmacodynamic and pharmacogenetic trial of dronabinol effects on colon transit in irritable bowel syndrome-diarrhea. (abst – 2012)
• Genetic Epidemiology and Pharmacogenetics in Irritable Bowel Syndrome.(abst - 2012)
• Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Methods, Mechanisms, and Pathophysiology. Genetic epidemiology and pharmacogenetics in irritable bowel syndrome (abst – 2012)
• Cannabidiol in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Brief Overview. (abst – 2012)
• The endocannabinoid system in inflammatory bowel diseases: from pathophysiology to therapeutic opportunity. (abst – 2012)
• Agents that act luminally to treat diarrhoea and constipation. (abst – 2012)
• Industrial hemp decreases intestinal motility stronger than indian hemp in mice. (full – 2013)
• Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Gene and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Phenotype and Quantitative Traits. (abst – 2013)
• Beneficial effect of the non-psychotropic plant cannabinoid cannabigerol on experimental inflammatory bowel disease. (abst – 2013)
• Preventive and therapeutic oral administration of the pentacyclic triterpene α,β-amyrin ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice: The relevance of cannabinoid system. (abst – 2013)
• Still Believe Nature Got It Wrong? Top 10 Health Benefits of Marijuana (news – 2013)

MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (MS):- The use of cannabinoids in MS: is it evidence based? (abst - undated)

• Endocannabinoids control spasticity in a multiple sclerosis model (full - 2000)
• Cannabinoids might reduce spasticity in multiple sclerosis (full - 2000)
• Cannabinoids control spasticity and tremor in a multiple sclerosis model (full - 2000)
• Cannabinoids reduce tremor in animal model of multiple sclerosis (news - 2000)
• Therapeutic aspects of cannabis and cannabinoids. (full - 2001)
• Acute and chronic effects of cannabis based medicinal extract on refractory lower urinary tract dysfunction in patients with advanced multiple sclerosis – early results (abst - 2001)
• The cannabinoids: an overview. Therapeutic implications in vomiting and nausea after cancer chemotherapy, in appetite promotion, in multiple sclerosis and in neuroprotection. (abst - 2001)
• Chronic Cannabis Use in the Compassionate Investigational New Drug Program: An Examination of Benefits and Adverse Effects of Legal Clinical Cannabis (full – 2002)
• Cannabinoids in the treatment of pain and spasticity in multiple sclerosis. (abst - 2002)
• Cannabinoids and multiple sclerosis. (abst - 2002)
• Marijuana Helps MS Patients Alleviate Pain, Spasms (news - 2002)
• MS SUFFERER DEFENDS DRUG; CANNABIS HELPED ME WALK. (news - 2002)
• Cannabis Use As Described by People with Multiple Sclerosis. (full – 2003)
• Therapeutic Action of Cannabinoids in a Murine Model of Multiple Sclerosis (full - 2003)
• Cannabinoids inhibit neurodegeneration in models of multiple sclerosis (full - 2003)
• Whether whole plant Cannabis extracts can improve intractable neurogenic symptoms? (full - 2003)
• Immunoregulation of a viral model of multiple sclerosis using the synthetic cannabinoid R(+WIN55,212 (full - 2003))
• Cannabinoids inhibit neurodegeneration in models of multiple sclerosis (full - 2003)
• Randomised controlled trial of cannabis based medicinal extracts (CBME in central neuropathic pain due to multiple sclerosis. (abst - 2003))
• Cannabinoids for treatment of spasticity and other symptoms related to multiple sclerosis (CAMS study: multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial. (abst - 2003))
• Therapeutic potential of cannabinoids in CNS disease. (abst - 2003)
• 'How cannabis helped me' (news/anecdotal - 2003)
• Cannabis helps symptoms of multiple sclerosis: study (news - 2003)
• Cannabis May Help Multiple Sclerosis (news - 2003)
• Cannabis can help MS sufferers (news - 2003 (may need registration))
• Initial experiences with medicinal extracts of cannabis for chronic pain: Results from 34 ‘N of 1’ studies (full - 2004)
• Does the cannabinoid dronabinol reduce central pain in multiple sclerosis? Randomised double blind placebo controlled crossover trial (full - 2004)
• Cannabinoids and neuroinflammation (full - 2004)
• Do cannabis-based medicinal extracts have general or specific effects on symptoms in multiple sclerosis? A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study on 160 patients. (full - 2004)
• Efficacy, safety and tolerability of an orally administered cannabis extract in the treatment of spasticity in patients with multiple sclerosis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. (full - 2004)
• An open-label pilot study of cannabis-based extracts for bladder dysfunction in advanced multiple sclerosis. (full - 2004/a>)
• Multiple Sclerosis Following Treatment with a Cannabinoid Receptor-1 Antagonist. (abst – 2004)
• Are oral cannabinoids safe and effective in refractory neuropathic pain? (abst - 2004)
• In vivo pharmacological actions of two novel inhibitors of anandamide cellular uptake. (abst – 2004)
• Cannabis study encouraging for MS (news - 2004)
• Cannabis Relieves Multiple Sclerosis Pain (news - 2004)
• Cannabis truly helps multiple sclerosis sufferers (news - 2004 (may need registration))
• Therapy Insight: Bladder Dysfunction Associated With Multiple Sclerosis (full - 2005)
• Stimulation of cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2 suppresses microglial activation (full - 2005))
• Cannabinoids in multiple sclerosis (CAMS study: safety and efficacy data for 12 months follow up (full - 2005))
• Emerging properties of cannabinoid medicines in the management of multiple sclerosis (full - 2005)
• The synthetic cannabinoid R(+WIN 55,212-2 inhibits the interleukin-1 signaling pathway in human astrocytes in a cannabinoid receptor-independent manner. (full – 2005))
• Sativex: Fact Sheet (full - 2005)
• Sativex: Health Care Professional letter (letter - 2005)
• Cannabinoids in multiple sclerosis -- therapeutically reasonable? (abst – 2005)
• Cannabinoid control of motor function at the basal ganglia. (abst – 2005)
• Decreased endocannabinoid levels in the brain and beneficial effects of agents activating cannabinoid and/or vanilloid receptors in a rat model of multiple sclerosis. (abst – 2005)
• Cannabis-based medicine in central pain in multiple sclerosis (abst - 2005)
• Cannabinoids and neuroprotection in CNS inflammatory disease. (abst - 2005)
• Therapeutic action of cannabinoid on axonal injury induced by peroxynitrite (abst - 2005)
• Cannabis-based medicinal extract (Sativex produced significant improvements in a subjective measure of spasticity which were maintained on long-term treatment with no evidence of tolerance. (abst - 2005))
• Randomized, controlled trial of cannabis-based medicine in central pain in multiple sclerosis. (abst - 2005)
• Marijuana derivatives may provide MS treatment (news - 2005)
• Medicinal marijuana use Experiences of people with multiple sclerosis (full - 2006)
• Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis disrupts endocannabinoid-mediated neuroprotection (full - 2006)
• Role of the Cannabinoid System in Pain Control and Therapeutic Implications for the Management of Acute and Chronic Pain Episodes (full - 2006)
• Multiple sclerosis may disrupt endocannabinoid brain protection mechanism (full - 2006)
• Cannabinoids In Medicine: A Review Of Their Therapeutic Potential (full – 2006)
• US Patent Application 20060167084 - Delta-9-THC compositions and methods for treating symptoms associated with multiple sclerosis (full - 2006)
• Long-term use of a cannabis-based medicine in the treatment of spasticity and other symptoms in multiple sclerosis. (abst – 2006)
• UCM707, an inhibitor of the anandamide uptake, behaves as a symptom control agent in models of Huntington's disease and multiple sclerosis, but fails to delay/arrest the progression of different motor-related disorders. (abst – 2006)
• Sativex in patients with symptoms of spasticity due to multiple sclerosis (abst - 2006)
• Randomised controlled study of cannabis-based medicine (Sativex® in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis associated detrusor overactivity (abst - 2006))
• The effect of cannabis on urge incontinence in patients with multiple sclerosis: a multicentre, randomised placebo-controlled trial (CAMS-LUTS. (abst - 2006))
• Low dose treatment with the synthetic cannabinoid Nabilone significantly reduces spasticity-related pain : A double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over trial. (abst - 2006)
• Cuppa Gives A Better 'ooh' (news - 2006)
• The endocannabinoid system is dysregulated in multiple sclerosis and in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (full - 2007)
• Cannabinoid control of neuroinflammation related to multiple sclerosis (full - 2007)
• CB2 cannabinoid receptors as an emerging target for demyelinating diseases: from neuroimmune interactions to cell replacement strategies (full - 2007)
• Cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 Receptors and Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Are Specific Markers of Plaque Cell Subtypes in Human Multiple Sclerosis (full - 2007)
• The endocannabinoid system in targeting inflammatory neurodegenerative diseases (full - 2007)
• Control of Spasticity in a Multiple Sclerosis Model is mediated by CB1, not CB2, Cannabinoid Receptors (full - 2007)
• Randomized controlled trial of cannabis-based medicine in spasticity caused by multiple sclerosis (full - 2007)
• Meta-analysis of cannabis based treatments for neuropathic and multiple sclerosis-related pain. (abst – 2007)
• Oromucosal delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol/cannabidiol for neuropathic pain associated with multiple sclerosis: an uncontrolled, open-label, 2-year extension trial. (abst – 2007)
• The endocannabinoid system and neurogenesis in health and disease. (abst - 2007)
• The (EndoCannabinoid System in Multiple Sclerosis and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (abst – 2007))
• Cannabinoids and neuroprotection in motor-related disorders. (abst - 2007)
• Cannabidiol attenuates high glucose-induced endothelial cell inflammatory response and barrier disruption (abst - 2007)
• Cannabis-based medicine in spasticity caused by multiple sclerosis. (abst - 2007)
• Excitotoxicity in a chronic model of multiple sclerosis: Neuroprotective effects of cannabinoids through CB1 and CB2 receptor activation. (abst – 2007)
• Cannabis based treatments for neuropathic and multiple sclerosis-related pain. (abst - 2007)
• Symptomatic treatment of multiple sclerosis using cannabinoids: recent advances. (abst - 2007)
• Cannabis' Potential Exciting Researchers in Treatment of ALS, Parkinson's Disease (news - 2007)
• Cannabis could hold the key to ending multiple sclerosis misery (news - 2007)
• Multiple sclerosis, cannabinoids, and cognition. (full - 2008)
• Cannabinoids in the management of difficult to treat pain (full - 2008)
• CB2 cannabinoid receptors as an emerging target for demyelinating diseases: from neuroimmune interactions to cell replacement strategies (full - 2008)
• The CB2 Cannabinoid Receptor Controls Myeloid Progenitor Trafficking INVOLVEMENT IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF AN ANIMAL MODEL OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (full - 2008)
• Cannabinoid CB2 receptors in human brain inflammation (full - 2008)
• Cannabinoids in the management of spasticity associated with multiple sclerosis (full - 2008)
• Current Status of Cannabis Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis with an Illustrative Case Presentation of a Patient with MS, Complex Vocal Tics, Paroxysmal Dystonia, and Marijuana Dependence Treated with Dronabinol. (full - 2008)
• The CB(2 cannabinoid receptor controls myeloid progenitor trafficking: involvement in the pathogenesis of an animal model of multiple sclerosis. (full - 2008))
• US Patent Application 20080181942 - Delta-9-THC compositions and methods for treating symptoms associated with multiple sclerosis (full – 2008)
• The endocannabinoid system and multiple sclerosis. (abst - 2008)
• Abnormalities in the cerebrospinal fluid levels of endocannabinoids in multiple sclerosis. (abst – 2008)
• Cannabinoid-mediated neuroprotection, not immunosuppression, may be more relevant to multiple sclerosis (abst – 2008)
• Cannabis use in Spanish patients with multiple sclerosis (abst - 2008)
• Use Of Non-Psychoactive Cannabinoids In The Treatment Of Neurodegenerative Diseases. (news - 2008)
• Cannabis May Halt Progression Of Multiple Sclerosis (news - 2008)
• Can Cannabis Compounds Slow The Progression Of Multiple Sclerosis? (news - 2008)
• Emerging Role of the CB2 Cannabinoid Receptor in Immune Regulation and Therapeutic Prospects (full - 2009)
• Cannabinoids as Therapeutic Agents for Ablating Neuroinflammatory Disease (full - 2009)
• Whole plant cannabis extracts in the treatment of spasticity in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review. (full - 2009)
• Cannabinoids as novel anti-inflammatory drugs. (full - 2009)
• Cannabidiol: a promising drug for neurodegenerative disorders? (full - 2009)
• The Endocannabinoid Anandamide: From Immunomodulation to Neuroprotection. Implications for Multiple Sclerosis (abst - 2009)
• A review of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM by people with multiple sclerosis. (abst - 2009))
• Plasma endocannabinoid levels in multiple sclerosis. (abst – 2009)
• Do cannabinoids reduce multiple sclerosis-related spasticity? (abst - 2009)
• Cannabinoids and neurodegenerative diseases. (abst - 2009)
• Medical Marijuana and Multiple Sclerosis (MS (news – 2009))
• Clinical phase III study with the cannabis extract Cannador successful in multiple sclerosis (news - 2009)
• Marijuana Eases Spasticity in MS Patients (news – 2009)
• Pot shows promise for reducing multiple sclerosis patients' symptoms (news - 2009)
• Study Confirms That Cannabis Is Beneficial for Multiple Sclerosis (news - 2009)
• Marijuana Chemicals Ease MS Symptoms, Review Confirms (news - 2009)
• 14 of 15 MS patients show clinical improvement with cannabis consumption (news – 2009)
• Cannabis can reduce spasticity in MS patients (news - 2009)
• Standardized Cannabis in Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Report (full - 2010)
• New approaches in the management of spasticity in multiple sclerosis patients: role of cannabinoids (full - 2010)
• Cannabinoid-induced apoptosis in immune cells as a pathway to immunosuppression. (full - 2010)
• Randomized controlled trial of Sativex to treat detrusor overactivity in multiple sclerosis. (abst – 2010)
• Meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of Sativex (nabiximols, on spasticity in people with multiple sclerosis (abst - 2010))
• The endocannabinoid system in the inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes of multiple sclerosis and of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. (abst - 2010)
• The Multiplicity of Action of Cannabinoids: Implications for Treating Neurodegeneration. (abst - 2010)
• Julie Falco brings hope to Multiple Sclerosis patients. Cannabinoids manage pain and promote repair! (news - 2010)
• Drugs that reduce activity of ABDH6 enzyme can prevent brain damage: Study (news – 2010)
• Nature's (Legal Cannabinoids (news - 2010))
• Marijuana and MS--an unfinished story. (news - 2010)
• Weed Control Part 1: MS sufferer finds relief with medical marijuana (anecdotal/news - 2010)
• Anandamide inhibits Theiler's virus induced VCAM-1 in brain endothelial cells and reduces leukocyte transmigration in a model of blood brain barrier by activation of CB1 receptors. (full – 2011)
• CANNABIDIOL INHIBITS PATHOGENIC T-CELLS, DECREASES SPINAL MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION AND AMELIORATES MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS-LIKE DISEASE IN C57BL/6 MICE. (full – 2011)
• Gadolinium-HU-308-incorporated micelles. (full – 2011)
• Cannabinoid receptor signalling in neurodegenerative diseases: a potential role for membrane fluidity disturbance. (full – 2011)
• Is lipid signaling through cannabinoid 2 receptors part of a protective system? (full – 2011)
• Emerging treatment options for spasticity in multiple sclerosis; clinical utility of cannabinoids (link to PDF – 2011)
• Acute and chronic cannabinoid extracts administration affects motor function in a CREAE model of multiple sclerosis. (abst – 2011)
• Role of cannabinoids in multiple sclerosis (abst – 2011)
• Inhibitory Effect of Standardized Cannabis sativa Extract and Its Ingredient Cannabidiol on Rat and Human Bladder Contractility. (abst – 2011)
• Identification of the synthetic cannabinoid R(+WIN55,212-2 as a novel regulator of IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) activation and IFN-{beta} expression: relevance to therapeutic effects in models of multiple sclerosis. (abst – 2011))
• A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, enriched-design study of nabiximols* (Sativex(® ), as add-on therapy, in subjects with refractory spasticity caused by multiple sclerosis. (abst – 2011))
• Treating pain in multiple sclerosis. (abst – 2011)
• THC and CBD oromucosal spray (Sativex® in the management of spasticity associated with multiple sclerosis. (abst - 2011))
• New metabolic pathway for controlling brain inflammation (news – 2011)
• The synthetic cannabinoid R(+WIN55,212-2 augments interferon-β expression via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (full – 2012))
• Smoked cannabis for spasticity in multiple sclerosis: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. (full – 2012)
• The Therapeutic Potential of Cannabis and Cannabinoids (full – 2012)
• Cannabinoid modulation of neuroinflammatory disorders. (full – 2012)
• Cannabinoids ameliorate disease progression in a model of multiple sclerosis in mice, acting preferentially through CB(1 receptor-mediated anti-inflammatory effects. (abst - 2012))
• The synthetic cannabinoid R(+WIN55,212-2 augments interferon-β expression via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (abst – 2012))
• Cannabinoid receptor 2 agonists inhibit migration of activated dendritic cells via modulation of MMP-9 (abst – 2012)
• A questionnaire survey of patients and carers of patients prescribed Sativex as an unlicensed medicine. (abst – 2012)
• Potential Control of Multiple Sclerosis by Cannabis and the Endocannabinoid System. (abst – 2012)
• Evaluation of the safety and tolerability profile of Sativex: is it reassuring enough? (abst – 2012)
• Clinical efficacy and effectiveness of Sativex, a combined cannabinoid medicine, in multiple sclerosis-related spasticity. (abst – 2012)
• Multiple Sclerosis and Extract of Cannabis: results of the MUSEC trial. (abst – 2012)
• Evaluation of the Effects of Sativex (THC BDS: CBD BDS on Inhibition of Spasticity in a Chronic Relapsing Experimental Allergic Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis: A Model of Multiple Sclerosis. (abst – 2012))
• Nabiximols in the treatment of spasticity, pain and urinary symptoms due to multiple sclerosis. (abst – 2012)
• Symptomatic therapy in multiple sclerosis: the role of cannabinoids in treating spasticity. (abst – 2012)
• A Cannabigerol Quinone Alleviates Neuroinflammation in a Chronic Model of Multiple Sclerosis. (abst – 2012)
• The therapeutic potential of cannabis and cannabinoids. (abst – 2012)
• Treatment of spasticity in multiple sclerosis: new perspectives regarding the use of cannabinoids (abst – 2012)
• Cost Effectiveness of Oromucosal Cannabis-Based Medicine (Sativex® for Spasticity in Multiple Sclerosis. (abst – 2012))
• Treatment of spasticity in multiple sclerosis: new perspectives regarding the use of cannabinoids (abst – 2012)
• CD200-CD200R1 interaction contributes to neuroprotective effects of anandamide on experimentally induced inflammation (abst – 2012)
• What place for cannabis extract in MS? (abst – 2012)
• A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study of THC/CBD oromucosal spray in combination with the existing treatment regimen, in the relief of central neuropathic pain in patients with multiple sclerosis. (abst – 2012)
• A CB₁/CB₂ receptor agonist, WIN 55,212-2, exerts its therapeutic effect in a viral autoimmune model of multiple sclerosis by restoring self-tolerance to myelin. (abst – 2012)
• Smoked Cannabis Reduces Some Symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis (news – 2012)
• Marijuana Helps Ease MS Symptoms, Study Finds (news – 2012)
• Cannabis Effective for Easing MS Symptoms, but Not for Slowing Progression (news – 2012)
• Treatment failure of intrathecal baclofen and supra-additive effect of nabiximols in multiple sclerosis-related spasticity: a case report (full – 2013)
• Endocannabinoid system modulator use in everyday clinical practice in the UK and Spain. (abst – 2013)
• Multiple sclerosis and the blood-central nervous system barrier. (abst – 2013)
• Control of experimental spasticity by targeting the degradation of endocannabinoids using selective fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitors. (abst – 2013)
• MARIJUANA TREATMENTS FOR AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS (news – 2013)
• RESEARCHERS FIND CHEMICALS IN MARIJUANA COULD HELP TREAT MS (news – 2013)
• Study: Cannabis Extracts Mitigate Muscle Stiffness In Multiple Sclerosis Patients (news – 2013)
• MARIJUANA MAY EASE MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS SYMPTOMS (news – 2013)

NEUROPATHIC PAIN:- Actions of the FAAH inhibitor URB597 in neuropathic and inflammatory chronic pain models (full - 2006)

• Endocannabinoid metabolism and uptake: novel targets for neuropathic and inflammatory pain (full - 2007)
• Cannabinoid CB2 receptors: a therapeutic target for the treatment of inflammatory and neuropathic pain (full - 2007)
• Cannabidiol as an emergent therapeutic strategy for lessening the impact of inflammation on oxidative stress. (abst – 2011)
• Cannabinoids suppress inflammatory and neuropathic pain by targeting α3 glycine receptors. (abst – 2012)
• Palmitoylethanolamide is a new possible pharmacological treatment for the inflammation associated with trauma. (abst – 2012)
• Palmitoylethanolamide is a New Possible Pharmacological Treatment for the Inflammation Associated with Trauma (abst – 2013)

NEUROPROTECTANT:- The Cannabinoid CB2 Receptor as a Target for Inflammation-DependentNeurodegeneration (full - 2006)

• The endocannabinoid anandamide protects neurons during CNS inflammation by induction of MKP-1 in microglial cells. (abst – 2006)
• The endocannabinoid system in targeting inflammatory neurodegenerative diseases (full - 2007)
• The effects of Delta-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol alone and in combination on damage, inflammation and in vitro motility disturbances in rat colitis. (full - 2010)
• Cannabinoids and Innate Immunity: Taking a Toll on Neuroinflammation (link to PDF – 2011)
• New metabolic pathway for controlling brain inflammation (news – 2011)
• Sativex-like Combination of Phytocannabinoids is Neuroprotective in Malonate-Lesioned Rats, an Inflammatory Model of Huntington's Disease: Role of CB(1 and CB(2) Receptors. (abst – 2012))
• A Cannabigerol Quinone Alleviates Neuroinflammation in a Chronic Model of Multiple Sclerosis. (abst – 2012)
• Palmitoylethanolamide is a new possible pharmacological treatment for the inflammation associated with trauma. (abst – 2012)
• Molecular evidence for the involvement of PPAR-δ and PPAR-γ in anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities of palmitoylethanolamide after spinal cord trauma (full – 2013)
• Glia and Mast Cells as Targets for Palmitoylethanolamide, an Anti-inflammatory and Neuroprotective Lipid Mediator. (abst – 2013)

NUTRITION:- Anti-inflammatory cannabinoids in diet (full - 2008)

• Anti-inflammatory compound from cannabis found in herbs (news - 2008)

MEDICATING WITH TOPICALS:- US Patent Application 20110052694 - USE OF CANNABIDIOL PRODRUGS IN TOPICAL AND TRANSDERMAL ADMINISTRATION WITH MICRONEEDLES (full – 2011)

• Medical Marijuana Topical Balm Recipe for Eczema, Sore Joints, PMS Cramps (recipe – 2011)

• Anti-inflammatory activity of topical THC in DNFB-mediated mouse allergic contact dermatitis independent of CB1 and CB2 receptors (abst – 2013)

  [/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row] [vc_row][vc_column width="1"][vc_column_text css=".vc_custom_1400433394808{padding: 30px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}"]MEDICATING WITH TRANSDERMAL PATCHES:- Cannabidiol-transdermal delivery and anti-inflammatory effect in a murine model. (abst - 2003)

  [/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row] [vc_row][vc_column width="1"][vc_column_text css=".vc_custom_1400433394808{padding: 30px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}"]OBESITY:- Cannabinoid CB2 Receptor Potentiates Obesity-Associated Inflammation, Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Steatosis (full - 2009)

• Anti-inflammatory effect of palmitoylethanolamide on human adipocytes. (abst – 2009)
• Effect of dietary fat on endocannabinoids and related mediators: consequences on energy homeostasis, inflammation and mood. (abst - 2010)
• Cannabinoid type 1 receptor mediates depot-specific effects on differentiation, inflammation and oxidative metabolism in inguinal and epididymal white adipocytes. (abst – 2011)
• Dietary linoleic acid elevates endogenous 2-arachidonoylglycerol and anandamide in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L. and mice, and induces weight gain and inflammation in mice. (abst - 2012))

• Cannabinoid signalling regulates inflammation and energy balance: The importance of the brain-gut axis. (abst – 2012)

  [/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row] [vc_row][vc_column width="1"][vc_column_text css=".vc_custom_1400433394808{padding: 30px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}"]PAIN:- Administration of Endocannabinoids Prevents a Referred Hyperalgesia Associated With Inflammation of the Urinary Bladder (full – 2001)

• Inhibition of Inflammatory Hyperalgesia by Activation of Peripheral CB2 Cannabinoid Receptors (full – 2003)
• Actions of the FAAH inhibitor URB597 in neuropathic and inflammatory chronic pain models (full - 2006)
• Local interactions between anandamide, an endocannabinoid, and ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, in acute and inflammatory pain (abst - 2006)
• Cannabinoids Enhance Analgesic Effects Of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, Study Says (news - 2006)
• Endocannabinoid metabolism and uptake: novel targets for neuropathic and inflammatory pain (full - 2007)
• A cannabinoid agonist differentially attenuates deep tissue hyperalgesia in animal models of cancer and inflammatory muscle pain. (abst – 2007)
• Local interactions between anandamide, an endocannabinoid, and ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, in acute and inflammatory pain (abst - 2006)
• Cannabinoids Enhance Analgesic Effects Of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, Study Says (news - 2006)
• Endocannabinoid metabolism and uptake: novel targets for neuropathic and inflammatory pain (full - 2007)
• A cannabinoid agonist differentially attenuates deep tissue hyperalgesia in animal models of cancer and inflammatory muscle pain. (abst – 2007)
• Cannabinoid Modulation of Cutaneous A{delta} Nociceptors During Inflammation (full - 2008)
• Mechanistic and Pharmacological Characterization of PF-04457845: A Highly Potent and Selective Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Inhibitor That Reduces Inflammatory and Noninflammatory Pain (full – 2012)
• Targeting Fatty Acid Binding Protein (FABP Anandamide Transporters – A Novel Strategy for Development of Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Nociceptive Drugs (full – 2012))
• Review article: Mast cell–glia axis in neuroinflammation and therapeutic potential of the anandamide congener palmitoylethanolamide (abst – 2012)
• The Role of Cannabinoids In Inflammatory Modulation of Allergic Respiratory Disorders, Inflammatory Pain and Ischemic Stroke. (abst – 2012)
• Cannabinoids suppress inflammatory and neuropathic pain by targeting α3 glycine receptors. (abst – 2012)
• Antinociceptive effects of the selective CB2 agonist MT178 in inflammatory and chronic rodent pain models. (abst – 2013)
• Inflammatory signaling as a therapeutic target for the treatment of breast cancer-induced bone pain. (abst – 2013)
• CB1 and CB2 contribute to antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of electroacupuncture on experimental arthritis of the rat temporomandibular joint. (abst – 2013)

PARKINSON'S DISEASE:- The endocannabinoid system in targeting inflammatory neurodegenerative diseases (full - 2007)

• Therapeutic Potential of Cannabinoids in the Treatment of Neuroinflammation Associated with Parkinson's Disease (abst – 2011)
• New metabolic pathway for controlling brain inflammation (news – 2011)
• Cannabinoid modulation of neuroinflammatory disorders. (full – 2012)

PEA:- Antiinflammatory action of endocannabinoid palmitoylethanolamide and the synthetic cannabinoid nabilone in a model of acute inflammation in the rat (full - 2002)

• Anti-inflammatory effect of palmitoylethanolamide on human adipocytes. (abst – 2009)
• Levels of endocannabinoids and palmitoylethanolamide and their pharmacological manipulation in chronic granulomatous inflammation in rats. (abst – 2010)
• Effects of palmitoylethanolamide on the cutaneous allergic inflammatory response in Ascaris hypersensitive Beagle dogs. (abst – 2011)
• The fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor URB597 exerts anti-inflammatory effects in hippocampus of aged rats and restores an age-related deficit in long-term potentiation (full – 2012)
• Effects of palmitoylethanolamide on intestinal injury and inflammation caused by ischemia-reperfusion in mice (abst – 2012)
• Review article: Mast cell–glia axis in neuroinflammation and therapeutic potential of the anandamide congener palmitoylethanolamide (abst – 2012)
• Palmitoylethanolamide is a new possible pharmacological treatment for the inflammation associated with trauma. (abst – 2012)
• Pharmacological inhibition of endocannabinoid degradation modulates the expression of inflammatory mediators in the hypothalamus following an immunological stressor. (abst – 2012)
• Palmitoylethanolamide is a new possible pharmacological treatment for the inflammation associated with trauma. (abst – 2012)
• Effects of palmitoylethanolamide on intestinal injury and inflammation caused by ischemia-reperfusion in mice (abst – 2012)
• Review article: Mast cell–glia axis in neuroinflammation and therapeutic potential of the anandamide congener palmitoylethanolamide (abst – 2012)
• Palmitoylethanolamide is a new possible pharmacological treatment for the inflammation associated with trauma. (abst – 2012)
• Pharmacological inhibition of endocannabinoid degradation modulates the expression of inflammatory mediators in the hypothalamus following an immunological stressor. (abst – 2012)
• β−Amyloid exacerbates inflammation in astrocytes lacking fatty acid amide hydrolase through a mechanism involving PPAR-α, PPAR-γ and TRPV1, but not CB1 or CB2 receptors (abst – 2012)
• Molecular evidence for the involvement of PPAR-δ and PPAR-γ in anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities of palmitoylethanolamide after spinal cord trauma (full – 2013 )
• Glia and Mast Cells as Targets for Palmitoylethanolamide, an Anti-inflammatory and Neuroprotective Lipid Mediator. (abst – 2013)
• Palmitoylethanolamide is a New Possible Pharmacological Treatment for the Inflammation Associated with Trauma (abst – 2013)

PANCREAS:- Cannabinoids Reduce Markers of Inflammation and Fibrosis in Pancreatic Stellate Cells (full - 2008)

• Activation of Cannabinoid Receptor 2 reduces inflammation in acute experimental pancreatitis via intra-acinar activation of p38 and MK2-dependent mechanisms. (abst – 2012)

PATENTS:- Patent 6410588 Use of cannabinoids as anti-inflammatory agents (full – 2002)

• Methods for treatment of inflammatory diseases using CT-3 or analogs thereof (full - 2005 )
• Method of relieving analgesia and reducing inflamation using a cannabinoid delivery topical liniment (full - 2005)

PHYTOCANNABINOIDS / PLANT EXTRACTS:- The plant cannabinoid Delta9-tetrahydrocannabivarin can decrease signs of inflammation and inflammatory pain in mice. (full – 2010)

• Sativex-like Combination of Phytocannabinoids is Neuroprotective in Malonate-Lesioned Rats, an Inflammatory Model of Huntington's Disease: Role of CB(1 and CB(2) Receptors. (abst – 2012))

SEPTIC SHOCK:- Endocannabinoid Degradation, Endotoxic Shock and Inflammation (link to PDF – 2002)

• Cannabidiol reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced vascular changes and inflammation in the mouse brain: an intravital microscopy study (full – 2011)
• Cannabinoid receptor 2 activation reduces intestinal leukocyte recruitment and systemic inflammatory mediator release in acute experimental sepsis (full – 2012)

SPINAL CORD INJURY:- Modulation of inflammatory responses by a cannabinoid-2-selective agonist after spinal cord injury. (full – 2011)

• Molecular evidence for the involvement of PPAR-δ and PPAR-γ in anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities of palmitoylethanolamide after spinal cord trauma (full – 2013)
• Glia and Mast Cells as Targets for Palmitoylethanolamide, an Anti-inflammatory and Neuroprotective Lipid Mediator. (abst – 2013)

STRESS:- Anti-Inflammatory Effect of the Endocannabinoid Anandamide in Experimental Periodontitis and Stress in the Rat. (abst – 2012)

• Anti-Inflammatory Effect of the Endocannabinoid Anandamide in Experimental Periodontitis and Stress in the Rat (abst – 2012)
• The Role of Cannabinoids In Inflammatory Modulation of Allergic Respiratory Disorders, Inflammatory Pain and Ischemic Stroke. (abst – 2012)
• Endocannabinoid, anandamide in gingival tissue regulates the periodontal inflammation through NF-kappaB pathway inhibition. (abst – 2006)
• Anti-Inflammatory Effect of the Endocannabinoid Anandamide in Experimental Periodontitis and Stress in the Rat. (abst – 2012)
• Anti-Inflammatory Effect of the Endocannabinoid Anandamide in Experimental Periodontitis and Stress in the Rat (abst – 2012)
• Endocannabinoids mediate hyposalivation induced by inflammogens in the submandibular glands and hypothalamus. (abst – 2013)

THC:- Cannabinoids, Endocannabinoids, and Related Analogs in Inflammation (full - 2009)

• The effects of Delta-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol alone and in combination on damage, inflammation and in vitro motility disturbances in rat colitis. (full - 2010)
• Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Impairs the Inflammatory Response to Influenza Infection: Role of Antigen Presenting Cells and the Cannabinoid Receptors 1 and 2. (abst – 2012/a>)
• Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol impairs the inflammatory response to influenza infection: role of antigen-presenting cells and the cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2. (abst – 2013)
• Cannabinoids Decrease the Th17 Inflammatory Autoimmune Phenotype. (abst – 2013)
• The plant cannabinoid Delta9-tetrahydrocannabivarin can decrease signs of inflammation and inflammatory pain in mice. (full – 2010)
• Delta(8 -Tetrahydrocannabivarin protects against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammatory response involving CB(2) receptors. (abst – 2011))
• Delta(8 -Tetrahydrocannabivarin prevents hepatic ischaemia/reperfusion injury by decreasing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses through cannabinoid CB(2) receptors. (abst – 2012)/a>)

VETERINARY USE / ANIMALS:- Effects of palmitoylethanolamide on the cutaneous allergic inflammatory response in Ascaris hypersensitive Beagle dogs. (abst – 2011)

VISION:- Mediation of Cannabidiol anti-inflammation in the Retina by Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter and A2A Adenosine Receptor (full - 2008)

• Diabetic retinopathy: Role of inflammation and potential therapies for anti-inflammation. (full– 2010)
• Endocannabinoids alleviate proinflammatory conditions by modulating innate immune response in muller glia during inflammation. (abst – 2012)
• Cannabinoid receptor 1 suppresses transient receptor potential vanilloid 1-induced inflammatory responses to corneal injury. (abst – 2012)

MISC:- Cannabinoid-like anti-inflammatory compounds from flax fiber. (abst – 2012)

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